Evaluation of the healing potential of Nile tilapia skin collagen in traumatic oral ulcers in male rats.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the healing potential of Nile tilapia skin collagen using a rat model with experimentally induced traumatic oral ulcers. DESIGN: Male Wistar rats were segregated into three experimental groups (n = 8/group/euthanasia day). Ulcers were induced using a dermatological punch on the left buccal mucosa. The rats were then euthanized on days 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 (ntotal=120 rats). Each group received topical treatment, 2x/day, with 1 % Nile tilapia skin collagen orabase (experimental group), only orabase (negative control), or Oncilom-A® orabase (positive control). Ulcer area, closure percentage, and body mass variation were measured. Slides were prepared for histological analysis, which included Picrosirius red staining (collagen analysis), and immunohistochemistry (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-beta). RESULTS: On day 15, the experimental and positive control groups displayed smaller ulcer areas, a higher percentage of closure, complete re-epithelialization, superior histological repair scores, and a reduced count of polymorphonuclear cells in comparison to the negative control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the experimental group exhibited an increased number of blood vessels, total collagen (types I and III) and expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-beta relative to the negative and positive control groups (p < 0.05). By day 20, the experimental group showed a more significant weight gain compared to the other groups (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Nile tilapia skin collagen orabase optimizes the healing of traumatic ulcers by stimulating re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagenesis. Transforming growth factor-beta plays a significant role in this process.

Evasão acadêmica no curso de Odontologia de uma instituição pública e ações voltadas para mitigar o abandono discente / Evasión académica en la carrera de Odontología en una institución pública y acciones encaminadas a mitigar la deserción estudiantil / Academic evasion in the Dentistry course of a public institution and actions to mitigate student dropout

O estudo investigou aspectos da evasão e avaliou a satisfação de calouros no curso de Odontologia de uma instituição de ensino superior pública, além de relatar intervenções de combate ao abandono acadêmico desenvolvidas neste período. Trata-se de um estudo com uma fase observacional, transversal, descritiva, quanti-qualitativa, com aplicação de questionários; e outra intervencionista, com atividades voltadas ao combate à evasão. Foram entrevistados 74 alunos, matriculados no primeiro ano do curso, com idade entre 15 e 30 anos. Os dados foram expressos em frequências absoluta e percentual e analisados pelos testes exato de Fisher ou qui-quadrado de Pearson (p ≤0,05). Variáveis com associação significativa foram submetidas ao modelo de regressão logística multinomial (RLM). Observou-se que o grau de insatisfação com o curso foi maior entre os alunos com menor faixa etária (entre 15 e 20 anos) e menor renda familiar (até 2 salários mínimos). Além disso, cerca de 66% dos possíveis desistentes ainda não haviam vivenciado nenhum tipo de experiência prática odontológica, enquanto 69% dos que pretendem completar o curso já passaram por algum contato com vivências clínicas. A RLM revelou que a Odontologia não ser a primeira opção aumenta em 7,96 vezes a probabilidade de desistência do curso, independente do semestre. Observou-se, ainda, redução nos índices de evasão a medida em que intervenções (cerimônia do jaleco, visita clínica guiada e apadrinhamento de alunos calouros) foram realizadas. Conclui-se que asações implementadas para o combate de evasão no curso de Odontologia impactaram positivamente nos índices de abandono do curso nos semestres analisados (AU).

El estudio investigó aspectos de la evasión y evaluó la satisfacción de los estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Odontología de una institución de enseñanza superior pública, además de relatar las intervenciones para combatir la deserción académica desarrolladas en ese período. Se trata de un estudio con fase observacional, transversal, descriptivo, cuantitativo y cualitativo, con aplicación de cuestionarios; y otra intervencionista, con actividades encaminadas a combatir la evasión. Fueron entrevistados 74 estudiantes, matriculados en el primer año de la carrera, con edades entre 15 y 30 años. Los datos se expresaron como frecuencias absolutas y porcentuales y se analizaron mediante la prueba exacta de Fisher o la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson (p ≤0,05). Las variables con asociación significativa fueron sometidas al modelo de regresión logística multinomial (RLM). Se observóque el grado de insatisfacción con el curso fue mayor entre los estudiantes de menor franja etaria (entre 15 y 20 años) y menor renta familiar (hasta 2 salarios mínimos). Además, alrededor del 66% de los posibles desertores aún no habían tenido ningún tipo de experiencia práctica en odontología, mientras que el 69% de los que pretendían completar el curso ya habían tenido algúncontacto con experiencias clínicas. El RLM reveló que el hecho de no ser Odontología la primera opción aumenta en 7,96 veces la probabilidad de deserción de la carrera, independientemente del semestre. También hubo una reducción en las tasas de deserción a medida que se realizaron intervenciones (ceremonia de bata de laboratorio, visita clínica guiada y patrocinio de estudiantes de primer año). Se concluye que las acciones implementadas para combatir la deserción en la carrera de Odontología incidieron positivamente en las tasas de deserción de la carrera en los semestres analizados (AU).

The study investigated aspects of evasion and evaluated the satisfaction of freshmen in the Dentistry course at a public higher education institution, in addition to reporting interventions to combat academic dropout developed during this period. This is astudy with an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative and qualitative phase, with the application of questionnaires; and another interventionist, with activities aimed at combating evasion. 74 students were interviewed, enrolled in the first year of the course, aged between 15 and 30 years old. Data were expressed as absolute and percentage frequencies and analyzed using Fisher's exact test or Pearson's chi-square test (p ≤0.05). Variables with significant association were submitted to the multinomial logistic regression model (RLM). It was observed that the degree of dissatisfaction with the course was higher among students with a lower age group (between 15 and 20 years old) and lower family income (up to 2 minimum wages). In addition, around 66% of possible dropouts had not yet had any kind of practical dental experience, while 69% of those intending to complete the course had already had some contact with clinical experiences. The RLM revealed that Dentistry not being the first option increases the probability of dropping out of the course by 7.96 times, regardless of the semester. There was also a reduction in dropout rates as interventions were carried out (lab coat ceremony, guided clinical visit and sponsorship of freshman students)were performed. It is concluded that the actions implemented to combat dropout in the Dentistry course had a positive impact on the dropout rates of the course in the analyzed semesters (AU).